Jardin des Tuileries
The spectacular statue-studded Jardin des Tuileries, bordering place de la Concorde, 1e (tel. 01-44-50-75-01; Métro: Tuileries or Concorde), is as much a part of Paris as the Seine. Le Nôtre, Louis XIV's gardener and planner of the Versailles grounds, designed the gardens. Some of the gardens' most distinctive statues are the 18 enormous bronzes by Maillol, installed within the Jardin du Carroussel, a subdivision of the Jardin des Tuileries, between 1964 and 1965, under the direction of then-Culture Minister André Malraux.
About 100 years before that, Catherine de Médicis ordered a palace built here, the Palais des Tuileries; other occupants have included Louis XVI (after he left Versailles) and Napoleon. Twice attacked by Parisians, it was burned to the ground in 1871 and never rebuilt. The gardens, however, remain. In orderly French manner, the trees are arranged according to designs and even the paths are arrow-straight. Breaking the sense of order and formality are bubbling fountains.
Half of Paris can be found in the Tuileries on a warm spring day, listening to the birds and admiring the daffodils and tulips. As you walk toward the Louvre, you'll enter the Jardin du Carrousel, dominated by the Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel, at the Cour du Carrousel. Pierced with three walkways and supported by marble columns, the monument honors Napoleon's Grande Armée, celebrating its victory at Austerlitz. The arch is surmounted by statuary, a chariot, and four bronze horses.
Jardin du Luxembourg
Hemingway once told a friend that the Jardin du Luxembourg in the 6th arrondissement (Métro: Odéon; RER: Luxembourg) "kept us from starvation." He related that in his poverty-stricken days in Paris, he wheeled a baby carriage (the vehicle was considered luxurious) through the garden because it was known "for the classiness of its pigeons." When the gendarme went across the street for a glass of wine, the writer would eye his victim, preferably a plump one, then lure him with corn and "snatch him, wring his neck," and hide him under the blanket. "We got a little tired of pigeon that year," he confessed, "but they filled many a void."
The Luxembourg has always been associated with artists, though children, students, and tourists predominate nowadays. Watteau came this way, as did Verlaine. Balzac didn't like the gardens at all. In 1905, Gertrude Stein would cross them to catch the Batignolles/Clichy/Odéon omnibus, pulled by three gray mares, to meet Picasso in his studio at Montmartre, where he painted her portrait.
Marie de Médicis, the wife of Henri IV, ordered the Palais du Luxembourg built on this site in 1612, shortly after she was widowed. A Florentine by birth, the regent wanted to create another Pitti Palace, where she could live with her "witch" friend, Leonora Galigal. Architect Salomon de Brossee wasn't entirely successful, though the overall effect is Italianate. Alas, the queen didn't get to enjoy the palace, as her son, Louis XIII, forced her into exile when he discovered she was plotting to overthrow him. She died in poverty in Cologne. For her palace, she'd commissioned from Rubens 21 paintings that glorified her life, but they're now in the Louvre. You can visit the palace only the first Sunday of each month at 10:30am, for 8€. However, you must call tel. 01-44-61-21-66 to make a reservation.
You don't really come to the Luxembourg to visit the palace; the gardens are the attraction. For the most part, they're in the classic French tradition: well groomed and formally laid out, the trees planted in patterns. Urns and statuary on pedestals -- one honoring Paris's patroness, St. Geneviève, with pigtails reaching to her thighs -- encircle a central water basin. Another memorial is dedicated to Stendhal. Kids can sail a toy boat, ride a pony, or attend an occasional Grand Guignol puppet show. And you can play boules with a group of elderly men who wear black berets and have Gauloises dangling from their mouths.
Bois de Boulogne
One of the most spectacular parks in Europe is the Bois de Boulogne, Porte Dauphine, 16e (tel. 01-40-67-90-82; Métro: Les Sablons, Porte Maillot, or Porte Dauphine), often called the "main lung" of Paris. Horse-drawn carriages traverse it, but you can also drive through. You can discover its hidden pathways, however, only by walking. You could spend days in the Bois de Boulogne and still not see everything.
Porte Dauphine is the main entrance, though you can take the Métro to Porte Maillot as well. West of Paris, the park was once a forest kept for royal hunts. It was in vogue in the late 19th century: Along avenue Foch, carriages with elegantly attired and coiffured Parisian damsels would rumble along with their foppish escorts. Nowadays, it's more likely to attract run-of-the-mill picnickers. (Be careful at night, when hookers and muggers proliferate.)
When Napoleon III gave the grounds to the city in 1852, they were developed by Baron Haussmann. Separating Lac Inférieur from Lac Supérieur is the Carrefour des Cascades (you can stroll under its waterfall). The Lower Lake contains two islands connected by a footbridge. From the east bank, you can take a boat to these idyllically situated grounds, perhaps stopping off at the cafe/restaurant on one of them.
Restaurants in the bois are numerous, elegant, and expensive. The Pré Catelan contains a deluxe restaurant of the same name (tel. 01-44-14-41-14) occupying a gem of a Napoleon III-style château, and also a Shakespearean theater in a garden planted with trees mentioned in the bard's plays. Nearby is La Grande Cascade (tel. 01-45-27-33-51), once a hunting lodge for Napoleon III.
Jardin d'Acclimatation, at the northern edge of the park, is for children, with a zoo, an amusement park, and a narrow-gauge railway. Two racetracks, the Hippodrome de Longchamp and the Hippodrome d'Auteuil, are in the park. The Grand Prix is run in June at Longchamp (the site of a medieval abbey). Fashionable Parisians always turn out for this, the women in their finest haute couture. To the north of Longchamp is the Grand Cascade, an artificial waterfall.
In the western section of the bois, the 60-acre Parc de Bagatelle(tel. 01-40-67-97-00) owes its existence to a bet between the comte d'Artois (later Charles X) and Marie Antoinette, his sister-in-law. The comte wagered he could erect a small palace in less than 3 months, so he hired nearly 1,000 craftsmen (cabinetmakers, painters, Scottish landscape architect Thomas Blaikie, and others) and irritated the locals by requisitioning all shipments of stone and plaster arriving through Paris's west gates. He won his bet. If you're here in late April, it's worth visiting the Bagatelle just for the tulips. In late May, one of the finest rose collections in Europe is in full bloom. For some reason, as the head gardener confides to us, "This is the major rendezvous point in Paris for illicit couples." In September, the light is less harsh than in summer or even in February; when stripped of much of its greenery, the park's true shape can be seen.
Parc de Bagatelle is open daily from 9am to dusk, charging adults 1.50€ and ages 7 to 26 .75€; it's free for children 6 and under.
Parc Monceau
Much of Parc Monceau, 8e (tel. 01-42-27-39-56; Métro: Monceau or Villiers), is ringed with 18th- and 19th-century mansions, some evoking Proust's Remembrance of Things Past. Carmontelle designed it in 1778 as a private hideaway for the duc d'Orléans (who came to be known as Philippe-Egalité), at the time the richest man in France. The duke was noted for his debauchery and pursuit of pleasure, so no ordinary park would do. It was opened to the public in the days of Napoleon III's Second Empire.
Monceau was laid out with an Egyptian-style obelisk, a medieval dungeon, a thatched farmhouse, a Chinese pagoda, a Roman temple, an enchanted grotto, various chinoiseries, and a waterfall. These fairy-tale touches have largely disappeared, except for a pyramid and an oval naumachia fringed by a colonnade. Now the park is filled with solid statuary and monuments, one honoring Chopin. In spring, the red tulips and magnolias are worth the air ticket to Paris.
